1. Event Monitoring
Purpose: Capture the “first flush” — the critical first 30–60 minutes of a storm when pollutant concentrations peak. Essential for regulatory compliance and pollution source tracking.
Key parameters: Turbidity, TSS, conductivity, pH, ammonia.
2. Flood Monitoring
Purpose: Provide early warning of flash floods and combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Protect communities and critical infrastructure.
Key parameters: Water level, flow velocity, rainfall intensity.
3. Continuous Monitoring
Purpose: Establish baseline water quality, track long-term trends, and validate the effectiveness of green infrastructure (bioswales, retention ponds, rain gardens).
Key parameters: DO, COD, temperature, conductivity, turbidity.